Which of the Following Best Describes the Views of Many

Which of the following best describes the views of many political scientists and scholars on third parties?

A) They are incapable of effective grassroots organization.
B) They have consistently failed because they never reflect the political mood of the nation.
C) They serve as a safety valve for dissident political groups and prevent major confrontations and political unrest.
D) They can come into existence only if they are organized around a single charismatic leader.
E) They can come into existence only if they split off from one of the major political parties.