Which of the Following Was a Characteristic of Film Noir

Which of the following was a characteristic of film noir during and after World War II?

A) They were top-priority A-movies with large budgets and big stars.
B) They were produced to satisfy the government's quota for wartime propaganda to drum up support for the military.
C) They were low-budget B-movies where much stylistic risk taking and innovation could be tried out.
D) They were critically lauded by American but not French critics.
E) They were high-spirited, lighthearted comedies meant to provide audiences with escapism during a difficult era.