The proposal that certain eukaryotic cell structures may have evolved from a prokaryotic symbiosis is called the:

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The endosymbiont hypothesis proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts, two organelles found in eukaryotic cells, were originally free-living bacteria that were engulfed by other cells in a symbiotic relationship. This hypothesis is widely accepted by the scientific community as evidence suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA and undergo independent replication, much like bacteria. The other options listed do not specifically relate to this hypothesis.

The Proposal That Certain Eukaryotic Cell Structures May Have Evolved