According to social-psychological research , what are the "ideal conditions" for punishment to be an effective deterrent to violence? Punishment must be __________.

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Social-psychological research suggests that punishment is most effective as a deterrent to violence when it is prompt and certain, rather than solely severe. This means that individuals are more likely to be deterred from committing a violent act if they know they will face immediate and definite consequences for their actions. Fairness is also important but not as fundamental to the effectiveness of punishment as promptness and certainty.

According to Social-Psychological Research , What Are the "Ideal Conditions