If the Expected Dividend Growth Rate Is Zero,then the Cost

If the expected dividend growth rate is zero,then the cost of external equity capital raised by issuing new common stock (r_e)is equal to the cost of equity capital from retaining earnings (r_s)divided by one minus the percentage flotation cost required to sell the new stock, (1 - F).If the expected growth rate is not zero,then the cost of external equity must be found using a different formula.