The understanding that the national government and state governments are both sovereign within their sphere of influence is called

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Dual federalism is the understanding that the national government and state governments are both sovereign within their sphere of influence, meaning they have their own distinct areas of jurisdiction and authority. This concept was prevalent during the early history of the United States and is sometimes referred to as "layer cake federalism" because the powers and responsibilities of the federal and state governments were seen as being clearly separated and distinct, much like the layers of a cake.

The Understanding That the National Government and State Governments Are