When information is gathered by researchers and there are no identifying characteristics which would allow the researchers to match up results to individual subjects, this illustrates:

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Anonymity refers to a situation in which the researchers are unable to match up the data collected to individual participants, even if they wanted to. This provides an additional layer of privacy protection beyond confidentiality, which refers to keeping participant data private and secure. The absence of deception, while important in research ethics, is not relevant to this particular scenario. Assurance of voluntary participation is also important, but not directly related to anonymity.

When Information Is Gathered by Researchers and There Are No