The International Copyright Treaty Known as the Berne Convention Had

The international copyright treaty known as the Berne Convention had what effect on placing the copyright symbol or the wordy "copyright" on a copyrighted work?

A) It entitles the creator to provisional copyright protection until a formal copyright application is filed.
B) It extends the valid period of the creator's copyright such that it continues until 50 years beyond the creator's life.
C) It has no legal effect.
D) Its presence can help defeat an infringer's claim that the infringement was innocent.
E) It eliminated the need for the copyright symbol or the word copyright on a copyrighted work.