A security interest in a piece of equipment owned by a business would most often be perfected:

Question

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The most common and effective way to perfect a security interest is by filing a UCC-1 financing statement with the Secretary of State's office in the state where the business is located. This serves as public notice that the creditor has a legal claim on the equipment in case of default or bankruptcy. Possession and agreement are also valid ways of perfecting a security interest but are not as effective or reliable as filing. Automatic perfection is rare and only occurs in limited circumstances, such as when the collateral is proceeds from a previously perfected security interest.

A Security Interest in a Piece of Equipment Owned by a Business