Years after the U.S. Civil War was over, many veterans diagnosed with melancholia or soldier's heart still experienced vivid flashbacks of their combat experiences, as well as nightmares and guilt about what they had done. Today, their symptoms are considered consistent with:

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The symptoms described, such as vivid flashbacks, nightmares, and guilt related to combat experiences, align with what is now recognized as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This condition was not formally recognized until many years after the Civil War, but the description of the veterans' experiences matches current understandings of PTSD.

Years After the U