Question 1

Each year,police in the United States make about million arrest for all criminal infractions except traffic violations.

Accepted Answer

The correct number of arrests made by police in the United States each year for all criminal infractions except traffic violations is approximately 13.1 million.

Question 2

A police officer can search without a warrant if consent is given by a person having authority to give such consent.

Accepted Answer

This is known as a consent search. The person giving consent must have authority over the area or item being searched. However, it is important to note that the person giving consent has the right to refuse the search, and any evidence found without proper consent may be inadmissible in court.

Question 3

In Missouri v.Seibert,the U.S.Supreme Court found that the approach used by the investigators encouraged a violation of Miranda.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court found in Missouri v. Seibert that the approach used by the investigators encouraged a violation of Miranda.

Question 4

Reasonable suspicion is the standard of proof a police officer needs to make an arrest.

Accepted Answer

Reasonable suspicion is actually the standard of proof needed to briefly detain and question someone. Probable cause is the standard needed to make an arrest.

Question 5

Of all the FBI Index crimes,the one that occurs least each year is:

Accepted Answer

Murder is the least occurring crime among the FBI Index crimes. According to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) data from 2019, there were 10,258 reported cases of murder, which accounts for only 1.4% of all Index crimes. In comparison, there were 139,815 reported cases of aggravated assault (13.6%), 282,061 reported cases of robbery (34.5%), and 139,815 reported cases of burglary (16.9%).

Question 6

An equivocal or ambiguous request for counsel in a custodial interrogation case is not sufficient to force police to stop questioning a suspect and provide an attorney.

Accepted Answer

According to the Supreme Court decision in Davis v. United States, an equivocal or ambiguous request for counsel in a custodial interrogation case does not trigger the requirement for police to stop questioning a suspect and provide an attorney. The suspect must make an unambiguous and clear request for counsel.

Question 7

A passenger in a vehicle has the same right as a driver to challenge the constitutionality of a traffic stop.

Accepted Answer

According to the Fourth Amendment of the US Constitution, both drivers and passengers have the right to challenge the constitutionality of a traffic stop. This was confirmed by the Supreme Court in Brendlin v. California in 2007.

Question 8

Although not a U.S.Supreme Court decision,Seremeth v.Frederick County et al.(2012)dealt with the Americans
with Disability Act and police interrogations.

Accepted Answer

Seremeth v. Frederick County et al. (2012) did indeed deal with the Americans with Disability Act and police interrogations.

Question 9

An attorney is required at every lineup.

Accepted Answer

While an attorney can be present at a lineup, they are not legally required to be there according to the U.S. Supreme Court decision, Kirby v. Illinois (1972). However, the accused person does have the right to have an attorney present during a post-arrest lineup or show-up conducted by law enforcement if requested.

Question 10

The U.S Supreme Court,in Kyllo v.United States,ruled that the use of a thermal imager is not considered a search under the Fourth Amendment.

Accepted Answer

The U.S Supreme Court, in Kyllo v. United States, ruled that the use of a thermal imager is a "search" under the Fourth Amendment.

Question 11

Forced extraction of blood by a doctor from a man who is arrested for driving while intoxicated is not a violation of that man's constitutional rights.

Accepted Answer

In the 2013 case of Missouri v. McNeely, the Supreme Court ruled that a warrant is generally required for the forced extraction of blood in cases of suspected DUI. However, there may be exceptions to this requirement, such as if the delay in obtaining a warrant would result in the loss of valuable evidence (such as the dissipation of alcohol in the bloodstream). Therefore, in some circumstances, forced extraction of blood without a warrant may not be a violation of a person's constitutional rights.

Question 12

Berghuis v.Thompkins determined that defendants must make an affirmative statement or action to expressly waive their right to remain silent or to have a lawyer present during questioning.

Accepted Answer

Berghuis v. Thompkins, a 2010 case heard by the United States Supreme Court, established that a defendant must make an affirmative statement or action to expressly waive their right to remain silent or to have an attorney present during police questioning.

Question 13

Search warrants are necessary for all searches by police officers.

Accepted Answer

There are some exceptions to the requirement of a search warrant, such as searches incident to a lawful arrest, exigent circumstances, consent, and searches of vehicles.

Question 14

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment right to counsel applies to a suspect no matter what case
is involved.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment right to counsel applies to defendants in criminal prosecutions, particularly for felonies and serious offenses, but it does not automatically apply to every case, such as certain misdemeanors that do not result in imprisonment.

Question 15

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled that suspicionless searches of parolees by law enforcement officers are unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that parolees may be subject to suspicionless searches by law enforcement officers, considering them to be a reasonable part of parole conditions that aim to prevent recidivism and ensure public safety. This is because parolees are considered to have a diminished expectation of privacy.

Question 16

Search and seizure is governed by the Sixth Amendment to the U.S.Constitution.

Accepted Answer

Search and seizure is actually governed by the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.

Question 17

Of all the FBI Index crimes,the one that occurs most each year is:

Accepted Answer

According to FBI statistics, theft/larceny is the most commonly occurring Index crime each year. In 2019, there were an estimated 6,925,677 incidents of theft/larceny reported to law enforcement agencies in the United States, compared to 721,885 incidents of motor vehicle theft, 1,117,696 incidents of burglary, and 377,572 incidents of felonious assault.

Question 18

A police officer's attempt to terminate a dangerous,high-speed car chase that threatens the lives of innocent bystanders does not violate the Fourth Amendment,even when it places the fleeing motorist at risk of serious injury or death.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court has ruled that the Fourth Amendment's prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures does not require police to terminate a high-speed chase in order to protect the safety of the fleeing motorist. Instead, the officer's duty to protect the public outweighs the driver's interest in avoiding injury or death. However, the use of deadly force may still be subject to Fourth Amendment scrutiny based on factors such as the severity of the crime being pursued and the threat posed by the suspect to innocent bystanders.

Question 19

Probable cause is the standard of proof a police officer needs to conduct a stop and frisk.

Accepted Answer

Probable cause is actually the standard of proof needed for a police officer to conduct a search or make an arrest. A stop and frisk, also known as a Terry stop, requires reasonable suspicion, which is a lower standard of proof than probable cause.

Question 20

In 1995,in Arizona v.Evans,the Supreme Court extended the "good faith" exception to the Fourth Amendment by creating a "computer errors" exception.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court did extend the "good faith" exception to the Fourth Amendment in Arizona v. Evans by creating a "computer errors" exception in 1995.

Quiz 13: Police And The Law