Rutherford's experiment,in which alpha particles were aimed at a thin piece of gold,led to what understanding?

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Rutherford's gold foil experiment led to the discovery that an atom is mostly empty space, with a dense central nucleus that contains most of the atom's mass. This was concluded from the observation that most alpha particles passed through the gold foil without deflection, while a few were deflected at large angles.

Rutherford's Experiment,in Which Alpha Particles Were Aimed at a Thin