Your patient states that he is sitting upright because he has difficulty breathing when lying down.You determine that the patient has

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Orthopnea is labored breathing that occurs when lying flat and is relieved by sitting up.This is one of the classic symptoms of left ventricular heart failure but may also be present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)and pulmonary edema.Dyspnea is a subjective feeling of shortness of breath (SOB).Agonal respirations are irregular respirations of varying depths and patterns.Impending death,where there is little or no oxygen supplying the brain or compression of the respiratory center,may lead to agonal breaths.Bradypnea is a respiratory rate lower than 12 breaths per minute.

Your Patient States That He Is Sitting Upright Because He