How did European rulers pay their large war expenses?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

European rulers often made alliances with rising commercial elites and protected markets overseas to generate revenue and pay for large war expenses. This helped to increase trade and commerce, which in turn contributed to economic growth and the accumulation of wealth needed to fund wars. Enforcing high taxes on particular religious or ethnic groups, warring with countries solely for their treasure, or stealing art treasures were not sustainable or reliable long-term strategies for generating revenue.

How Did European Rulers Pay Their Large War Expenses