Because of the relaxation of the esophageal sphincter and subsequent reflux,pregnant women commonly complain of

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Indigestion (heartburn)is often experienced by the pregnant woman because of the relaxation of the esophageal sphincter,subsequent reflux,and slowed gastric emptying.The growing uterus gradually displaces the abdominal contents,leading to decreased tone and motility,decreased bowel sounds,and increased emptying time for the stomach and intestines.These changes often bring about increased flatulence and constipation.Nausea and vomiting are common early in pregnancy and may even lead to a weight loss in the first trimester.Nausea and vomiting early in pregnancy are possibly the result of increasing levels of HCG and altered carbohydrate metabolism.

Because of the Relaxation of the Esophageal Sphincter and Subsequent