Suppose Your Friend Ellen Has Lost the Back to Her

Suppose your friend Ellen has lost the back to her earring. She looks around her room, picks up a pencil, removes the eraser, and uses the eraser as a substitute for the missing part. According to the chapter on problem solving, Ellen

A) has solved an ill-defined problem.
B) is too heavily guided by mental set.
C) has focused on the initial state.
D) has overcome functional fixedness.