When an experimental manipulation is carried out on the same entities, the within-participant variance will be made up of:
A)The effect of the manipulation and individual differences in performance.
B)The effect of the manipulation only.
C)Individual differences in performance only.
D)Unsystematic variance only.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

When an experimental manipulation is carried out on the same entities (such as participants or subjects), the within-participant variance will be made up of both the effect of the manipulation and individual differences in performance. This is because each entity (e.g. participant) will have their own unique baseline level of performance, which may be influenced by the experimental manipulation in different ways. Therefore, both sources of variance contribute to the within-participant variance in this context.

When an Experimental Manipulation Is Carried Out on the Same