Of what is p the probability? A)p is the probability of observing a test statistic at least as big as the one we have if there were no effect in the population (i.e., the null hypothesis were true). B)p is the probability that the results are due to chance, the probability that the null hypothesis (H₀) is true. C)p is the probability that the results are not due to chance, the probability that the null hypothesis (H₀) is false. D)p is the probability that the results would be replicated if the experiment was conducted a second time.

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

p-value is the probability of observing a test statistic at least as extreme as the observed one if the null hypothesis is true. It indicates the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis. A smaller p-value means stronger evidence against the null hypothesis. It does not give the probability of the null hypothesis being true (option B) or false (option C), nor does it guarantee that the results will be replicated (option D).

Of What Is P the Probability