Precautions that must be taken to protect the skin and veins of elderly patients during blood collection include:

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All the options listed are correct precautions to take when collecting blood from elderly patients. Elderly patients often have less elastic skin and more delicate veins, making them more susceptible to injury during blood collection. Careful anchoring of veins can prevent rolling and subsequent injury, applying pressure for a longer period can prevent excessive bleeding due to slower clotting times, and using smaller gauge needles and specialized equipment can minimize bruising and injury to fragile veins.

Precautions That Must Be Taken to Protect the Skin and Veins