Companies Such as Caterpillar Have Been Unable to Protect Critical

Companies such as Caterpillar have been unable to protect critical innovations in Japan because:

A) products very similar to those made by U.S.companies can be patented without fear of infringement.
B) the Japanese government enforces strict control over infringement rights for security reasons.
C) inventions that are based on software can be easily downloaded.
D) U) S.patent laws now harmonize with those in the EU as well as Japan.
E) patents in Japan are broader than those in the United States.