A researcher is designing a study to compare school achievement in children whose mothers drank alcohol during pregnancy and children whose mothers did not drink alcohol during pregnancy. Briefly describe two ways the researcher could ensure that the study has good internal validity and two ways the researcher could ensure that it has good external validity.

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The Answer is To ensure good internal validity, the researcher could use random assignment to assign children to the two groups (alcohol vs. no alcohol exposure) to minimize the potential for confounding variables. Additionally, the researcher could use standardized and reliable measures of school achievement to accurately assess the outcomes.

To ensure good external validity, the researcher could use a large and diverse sample of children to ensure that the findings can be generalized to a broader population. Additionally, the researcher could use a longitudinal study design to track the children's school achievement over time, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the long-term effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on school achievement.

A Researcher Is Designing a Study to Compare School Achievement