Question 1

A child sneaks out of the home every now and then and goes through the neighborhood breaking lawn decorations and scratching car paint. These behaviors MOST closely fit which pattern of conduct disorder?

Accepted Answer

The behaviors described (breaking lawn decorations and scratching car paint) are secretive or concealed actions that cause damage or destruction, fitting the pattern of covert-destructive conduct disorder.

Question 2

Which statement is true regarding the intersection of sexual abuse, gender, and socioeconomic status?

Accepted Answer

Girls, regardless of their socioeconomic status, are more likely to be victims of sexual abuse compared to boys. This is a consistent finding across various studies and reports, highlighting the gendered nature of sexual violence.

Question 3

Hormonal changes, life demands, and body dissatisfaction are all reasons to explain why:

Accepted Answer

Hormonal changes, life demands, and body dissatisfaction are factors that contribute to the higher rates of depression observed in postpubertal girls compared to postpubertal boys. These factors can affect girls' emotional well-being more significantly during and after puberty, leading to increased depression rates.

Question 4

A child is openly hostile toward his parents. He argues with them constantly and will not do anything they say. They cannot control him. The diagnosis he is MOST likely to receive is:

Accepted Answer

The child's symptoms of constant arguing and refusal to follow directions, along with hostility towards parents, are characteristic of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). ODD is defined by a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness.

Question 5

A child will not obey her mother. When threatened with punishment, she swears, throws things, and threatens to break everything in the house. Her outbreaks seem to be restricted to her parents, but she is almost completely unmanageable. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

This behavior is characteristic of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), which is marked by a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness lasting at least six months and directed primarily towards authority figures, in this case, the parents. Conduct disorder involves more severe behaviors including violating the rights of others, which is not specifically mentioned in the scenario. Juvenile delinquency is a legal, not a psychological, term. Childhood schizophrenia involves symptoms like hallucinations and delusions, which are not indicated here.

Question 6

Which statement is a qualified criminal justice professor MOST likely to say?

Accepted Answer

Juvenile boys and girls tend to commit different types of crimes, with boys more often involved in violent crimes and girls more often involved in status offenses or non-violent crimes.

Question 7

A child has repeatedly engaged in shoplifting and in hitting neighborhood pets with rocks. The child frequently is aggressive and has engaged in an increasing number of fights. The MOST appropriate diagnosis for this child is:

Accepted Answer

Conduct disorder is the most appropriate diagnosis for a child who exhibits a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated, as shown by the child's shoplifting, aggression, and cruelty to animals.

Question 8

Mike regularly attends Parents Anonymous groups. This suggests that Mike:

Accepted Answer

Parents Anonymous groups are designed for parents who have abused their children or are at risk of doing so, offering them support and strategies to change their behavior.

Question 9

Childhood patterns of behavior that are diagnosed as bipolar disorder differ from adult patterns in that:

Accepted Answer

Childhood bipolar disorder often presents differently than in adults, with children more likely to exhibit symptoms like intense tantrums, irritability, rage, and aggression, rather than the classic manic episodes seen in adults. This distinction is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Question 10

The National Institute of Mental Health study known as TADS (Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study) produced three major surprises. Which is NOT true about the study's findings?

Accepted Answer

The TADS study found that a combination of antidepressant medication and cognitive-behavioral therapy was most effective in treating adolescents with depression, that cognitive-behavioral therapy alone was not much better than a placebo, and that antidepressant medication alone was better than cognitive-behavioral therapy alone. However, it did not conclude that the danger to adolescents from antidepressants has been overemphasized; in fact, concerns about the risks of antidepressants, especially the risk of increased suicidal thoughts and behaviors in some adolescents, have been significant and led to warnings from health authorities.

Question 11

Child abuse is the nonaccidental use of excessive physical or psychological force against a child by:

Accepted Answer

Child abuse typically involves an adult using excessive force against a child, whether physical or psychological.

Question 12

Critics believe that bipolar disorder has become a catch-all diagnosis for children who display uncontrolled rage. DSM-5 addressed this concern by:

Accepted Answer

DSM-5 addressed the concern by creating a new disorder called disruptive mood dysregulation disorder to better categorize symptoms that were previously misdiagnosed as bipolar disorder in children.

Question 13

Results from TADS (Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study) BEST support which conclusion?

Accepted Answer

The TADS findings highlight the importance of considering individual differences in treatment effectiveness, indicating that what works for one group may not work for another, thus supporting the conclusion that treatment efficacy can vary across different populations.

Question 14

A new disorder in the DSM-5 that is used to describe children with patterns of severe rage is called:

Accepted Answer

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a condition included in the DSM-5 to describe children who exhibit chronic, severe persistent irritability and frequent episodes of extreme behavioral dyscontrol or temper outbursts, distinguishing it from bipolar disorder and oppositional defiant disorder.

Question 15

In most cases of child abuse, the abuser is the child's:

Accepted Answer

In most cases of child abuse, the abuser is the child's parent. This is due to the close and authoritative relationship parents have with their children, which can unfortunately sometimes lead to abuse.

Question 16

Research suggests that the psychological needs of children who have been abused should be addressed:

Accepted Answer

Addressing the psychological needs of children who have been abused as early as possible is crucial for their healing and development. Early intervention can help mitigate the long-term effects of trauma and support the child's emotional and psychological recovery.

Question 17

The main concern over the rise in diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children and, in particular, the treatment of bipolar disorder in children is the use of:

Accepted Answer

The main concern regarding the increase in bipolar disorder diagnoses in children and their treatment is the use of adult medications. These medications are often not tested for safety or efficacy in children, raising concerns about potential side effects and long-term impacts on children's health and development.

Question 18

Boys and girls have about the same percentage chance of being diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Boys and girls have about the same...

Question 19

A child is extremely aggressive. She is always fighting with her peers and is frequently very cruel to them. She never tells the truth. Her MOST likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, such as extreme aggression, frequent cruelty, and habitual lying, are characteristic of conduct disorder. Conduct disorder involves a range of antisocial behaviors that can include aggression toward people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules.

Question 20

Constant criticism or ignoring of a child is considered:

Accepted Answer

Constant criticism or ignoring of a child is considered psychological abuse because it can cause emotional or mental harm.

Quiz 17: Disorders Common Among Children and Adolescents