A Pregnant Patient Complains of Nasal Stuffiness and Rapid Breathing

A pregnant patient complains of nasal stuffiness and rapid breathing. The clinician should recognize that:

A) Elevated progesterone directly stimulates the central respiratory center in pregnancy to enhance loss of CO₂
B) Elevated estrogen and progesterone levels cause nasal edema
C) Elevated estrogen and progesterone cause nasal turbinate enlargement
D) All of the above