Your Patient Is a 40-Year-Old Baseball Player Who Needs His

Your patient is a 40-year-old baseball player who needs his yearly physical examination. He reports a 5-year history of chronic lower back pain due to spinal stenosis. Which of the following findings indicate spinal stenosis?

A) Lumbar x-ray demonstrates vertebral osteophytes
B) Positive straight leg raising sign on physical examination
C) Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging shows decreased intervertebral space
D) A and C