Question 1

Under anaerobic conditions,the reaction of pyruvate with NADH and H⁺ should form which of the following products?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under anaerobic conditions,the reaction of pyruvate with...

Question 2

In glycolysis,two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate (CH₃COCO₂^-)are formed from each glucose molecule.

Accepted Answer

During glycolysis, one six-carbon glucose molecule is broken down into two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate.

Question 3

Step [7] of glycolysis is shown below. Which statement concerning this step is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Step [7] of glycolysis is shown below....

Question 4

Oxygen is needed to oxidize NADH to NAD⁺.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Oxygen is needed to oxidize NADH to...

Question 5

Which steps in glycolysis form ATP?

Accepted Answer

Steps 7 and 10 in glycolysis are where ATP is formed. In step 7, phosphoglycerate kinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP, forming ATP. In step 10, pyruvate kinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, also forming ATP.

Question 6

The phosphorylation of mannose to form mannose 6-phosphate requires energy from ATP.

Accepted Answer

The phosphorylation of mannose to form mannose 6-phosphate is an energy-requiring process that utilizes ATP as the phosphate donor, converting ATP to ADP in the process.

Question 7

Step [9] in glycolysis,shown below,involves the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate. What is the structure of the dehydration product?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Step [9] in glycolysis,shown below,involves the dehydration...

Question 8

Many cancerous tumors depend largely on glycolysis to supply their energy needs.

Accepted Answer

Cancerous tumors often exhibit a metabolic phenomenon known as the Warburg effect, where they rely heavily on glycolysis for energy production, even in the presence of oxygen, which is less efficient than oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 9

Individuals with galactosemia lack one of the enzymes necessary for converting galactose to glucose 6-phosphate.

Accepted Answer

Galactosemia is a genetic disorder where the body lacks an enzyme necessary for converting galactose into glucose 6-phosphate, leading to the accumulation of galactose in the body.

Question 10

Fermentation is the aerobic conversion of glucose to ethanol and CO₂.

Accepted Answer

Fermentation is an anaerobic process, not aerobic, meaning it occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Question 11

Conceptually,gluconeogenesis is the reverse of glycolysis; that is,two molecules of pyruvate are converted to glucose by a stepwise pathway that passes through all of the same intermediates encountered in glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Conceptually,gluconeogenesis is the reverse of glycolysis; that...

Question 12

Gluconeogenesis is an anabolic process that synthesizes glucose from pyruvate.

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis is an anabolic pathway that generates glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, including pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, and amino acids, thus synthesizing glucose.

Question 13

The first step in gluconeogenesis is the oxidation of lactate. What product is formed when lactate is oxidized?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first step in gluconeogenesis is the...

Question 14

The glycerol formed from triacylglycerol hydrolysis is converted in two steps to dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

Accepted Answer

During triacylglycerol hydrolysis, glycerol is released and can be converted to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) in two enzymatic steps: first, glycerol is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to glycerol-3-phosphate, and then it is oxidized by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to DHAP.

Question 15

Six of the steps of gluconeogenesis use the same enzymes as used in glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Six of the steps of gluconeogenesis use...

Question 16

On the fatty acid structure below,identify which carbons are alpha (α)and beta (β),two important positions in the β-oxidation process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of On the fatty acid structure below,identify which...

Question 17

Which steps in glycolysis use ATP?

Accepted Answer

Steps 1 and 3 in glycolysis involve the use of ATP. In step 1, ATP is used to phosphorylate glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, and in step 3, ATP is used to phosphorylate fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.

Question 18

Glucosamine,shown below,is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme hexokinase,which catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose in the first step of glycolysis (Eqn. 1 below). Which statement best describes the inhibition by glucosamine?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glucosamine,shown below,is a competitive inhibitor of the...

Question 19

The reduction of acetaldehyde,shown below,is the last step in the fermentation process. What is the product of the reduction of acetaldehyde?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The reduction of acetaldehyde,shown below,is the last...

Question 20

Gluconeogenesis is not a commonly used metabolic pathway when carbohydrate intake is high.

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway that generates glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates and is typically upregulated during fasting or low carbohydrate intake, not when carbohydrate intake is high.

Quiz 24: Carbohydrate,lipid,and Protein Metabolism

Under anaerobic conditions,the reaction of pyruvate with NADH and H⁺ should form which of the following products?

In glycolysis,two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate (CH₃COCO₂^-)are formed from each glucose molecule.

Step [7] of glycolysis is shown below. Which statement concerning this step is true?

Oxygen is needed to oxidize NADH to NAD⁺.

Which steps in glycolysis form ATP?

The phosphorylation of mannose to form mannose 6-phosphate requires energy from ATP.

Step [9] in glycolysis,shown below,involves the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate. What is the structure of the dehydration product?

Many cancerous tumors depend largely on glycolysis to supply their energy needs.

Individuals with galactosemia lack one of the enzymes necessary for converting galactose to glucose 6-phosphate.

Fermentation is the aerobic conversion of glucose to ethanol and CO₂.

Conceptually,gluconeogenesis is the reverse of glycolysis; that is,two molecules of pyruvate are converted to glucose by a stepwise pathway that passes through all of the same intermediates encountered in glycolysis.

Gluconeogenesis is an anabolic process that synthesizes glucose from pyruvate.

The first step in gluconeogenesis is the oxidation of lactate. What product is formed when lactate is oxidized?

The glycerol formed from triacylglycerol hydrolysis is converted in two steps to dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

Six of the steps of gluconeogenesis use the same enzymes as used in glycolysis.

On the fatty acid structure below,identify which carbons are alpha (α) and beta (β) ,two important positions in the β-oxidation process.

Which steps in glycolysis use ATP?

Glucosamine,shown below,is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme hexokinase,which catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose in the first step of glycolysis (Eqn. 1 below) . Which statement best describes the inhibition by glucosamine?

The reduction of acetaldehyde,shown below,is the last step in the fermentation process. What is the product of the reduction of acetaldehyde?

Gluconeogenesis is not a commonly used metabolic pathway when carbohydrate intake is high.

Quiz 24: Carbohydrate,lipid,and Protein Metabolism

Under anaerobic conditions,the reaction of pyruvate with NADH and H+ should form which of the following products?

In glycolysis,two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate (CH3COCO2-)are formed from each glucose molecule.

Step [7] of glycolysis is shown below. Which statement concerning this step is true?

Oxygen is needed to oxidize NADH to NAD+.

Which steps in glycolysis form ATP?

The phosphorylation of mannose to form mannose 6-phosphate requires energy from ATP.

Step [9] in glycolysis,shown below,involves the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate. What is the structure of the dehydration product?

Many cancerous tumors depend largely on glycolysis to supply their energy needs.

Individuals with galactosemia lack one of the enzymes necessary for converting galactose to glucose 6-phosphate.

Fermentation is the aerobic conversion of glucose to ethanol and CO2.

Conceptually,gluconeogenesis is the reverse of glycolysis; that is,two molecules of pyruvate are converted to glucose by a stepwise pathway that passes through all of the same intermediates encountered in glycolysis.

Gluconeogenesis is an anabolic process that synthesizes glucose from pyruvate.

The first step in gluconeogenesis is the oxidation of lactate. What product is formed when lactate is oxidized?

The glycerol formed from triacylglycerol hydrolysis is converted in two steps to dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

Six of the steps of gluconeogenesis use the same enzymes as used in glycolysis.

On the fatty acid structure below,identify which carbons are alpha (α) and beta (β) ,two important positions in the β-oxidation process.

Which steps in glycolysis use ATP?

Glucosamine,shown below,is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme hexokinase,which catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose in the first step of glycolysis (Eqn. 1 below) . Which statement best describes the inhibition by glucosamine?

The reduction of acetaldehyde,shown below,is the last step in the fermentation process. What is the product of the reduction of acetaldehyde?

Gluconeogenesis is not a commonly used metabolic pathway when carbohydrate intake is high.

Under anaerobic conditions,the reaction of pyruvate with NADH and H⁺ should form which of the following products?

In glycolysis,two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate (CH₃COCO₂^-)are formed from each glucose molecule.

Oxygen is needed to oxidize NADH to NAD⁺.

Fermentation is the aerobic conversion of glucose to ethanol and CO₂.