The Japanese have various set phrases for expressing sympathy, rejection, or apology that are designed to maintain harmony.These phrases are called "lubricant expressions."

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In Japanese culture, maintaining harmony and social cohesion is highly valued, and "lubricant expressions" (aimai hyōgen or tatemae) are used to express sympathy, rejection, or apology in a way that preserves the feelings of all parties involved, ensuring smooth social interactions.

The Japanese Have Various Set Phrases for Expressing Sympathy, Rejection