In Thomas Malthus' View, Human Nature Is Marked by Two

In Thomas Malthus' view, human nature is marked by two basic needs or drives: the need to eat, and what he termed "the passion between the sexes." As a result, he argued an increase in the supply of food can produce only a temporary improvement in the standard of living, because it also produces an increase in population size, which then eats up any increase in food. The growth of population can only be stopped by what he termed ________ checks to the population, e.g. war, famine, and disease.

A) negative
B) positive
C) preventive
D) devastating
E) random