Barbara, a first-line manager at a manufacturing firm, has negative perceptions about her subordinates. She believes that they dislike work and would do anything to avoid it. As a result, she constantly coerces them into working by threatening them with a decrease in pay. In this scenario, Barbara most likely believes in _____.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Barbara's beliefs align with Theory X, which assumes that employees inherently dislike work and must be coerced or controlled to achieve organizational goals.

Barbara, a First-Line Manager at a Manufacturing Firm, Has Negative