Calculate the Cash Dividends Required to Be Paid for Each

Calculate the cash dividends required to be paid for each of the following preferred stock issuances:
$\begin{array}{l}\text { (a.) The semiannual dividend on } 11.5 \% \text { cumulative preferred, } \$ 100 \text { par value; } 6,000 \\\text { shares authorized, issued, and outstanding. } \\\text { (b.) The total dividends owed to preferred shareholders on } \$ 1.50 \text { annual cumulative } \\\text { preferred, } 100,000 \text { shares authorized, } 85,000 \text { shares issued, and } 81,350 \text { shares } \\\text { putstanding. The company did not pay dividends during the prior two years or } \\\text { during the current year. } \\\text { (c) The quarterly dividend on } 9.6 \% \text { cumulative preferred, } \$ 70 \text { stated value, } \$ 72 \\\text { liquidating value, } 20,000 \text { shares authorized, } 15,000 \text { shares issued and } \\\text { butstanding. No dividends in arrears. }\end{array}$