Conducting the Hawthorne experiment, Mayo and his colleagues found that physical conditions of the factory, such as illumination or noise, played some role but not the most important one. A more important factor was:

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The Hawthorne experiments concluded that social and psychological factors, such as personal satisfaction and feeling valued at work, were more significant in influencing worker productivity than physical conditions.

Conducting the Hawthorne Experiment, Mayo and His Colleagues Found That