The Nurse Is Caring for a Patient Who Has Been

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been involved in a motor vehicle crash. The health care provider has written orders for a transdermal patch for pain. The nurse knows that.

A) the transdermal patch should not be applied to areas of abrasion.
B) transdermal medications undergo the first-pass effect in the liver.
C) transdermal medications completely bypass digestive enzymes.
D) the actual dose received by the patient from this pain patch may vary.
E) transdermal patches are not considered an effective means of delivering medications because the rate of delivery and actual dose can vary.