Suppose there are 100 studies that failed to demonstrate an effect of gender on false memories, but 8 studies that showed a gender difference. One may conclude from reading the published studies there is a gender difference, but one may be incorrect due to
A)incomplete confidence intervals.
B)error variance.
C)systematic variance.
D)a phenomenon called a file drawer effect.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The file drawer effect refers to the bias introduced when studies with non-significant results are less likely to be published, leading to a skewed perception of the evidence. In this case, the 100 studies that failed to show a gender difference might not be published, while the 8 that did show a difference are published, creating a misleading impression of the evidence.

Suppose There Are 100 Studies That Failed to Demonstrate an Effect