In middle childhood, children depend more on external rewards and punishments and struggle to regulate their own behavior.

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In middle childhood, children develop greater self-regulation skills and rely less on external rewards and punishments to govern their behavior. They begin to internalize rules and expectations and are more capable of considering the consequences of their actions before acting. Of course, there is still variation in individual children's development, but generally speaking, children in middle childhood become increasingly proficient at self-regulation.

In Middle Childhood, Children Depend More on External Rewards and Punishments