What were the results of black benevolent organizations in the Upper South?

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Black benevolent organizations in the Upper South sponsored various cultural events such as parades, picnics, and fairs to promote social and cultural bonding among the black community. These organizations also provided mutual aid and support for their members in times of need. However, they did not necessarily result in increased household incomes or election of black men to statewide offices. Race riots and the burning of black communities were often the result of white supremacist violence, rather than the actions of black benevolent organizations.

What Were the Results of Black Benevolent Organizations in the Upper