Polyploidy may arise as a result of nondisjunction during meiosis but not mitosis.

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Polyploidy can arise as a result of nondisjunction during meiosis because during meiosis, the chromosomes are separated into two daughter cells. If nondisjunction occurs, one of the daughter cells will receive both copies of a chromosome, while the other daughter cell will receive no copies of that chromosome. This can lead to the formation of a polyploid cell, which has more than two sets of chromosomes. In contrast, mitosis does not involve the separation of chromosomes into two daughter cells, so nondisjunction cannot occur during mitosis.

Polyploidy May Arise as a Result of Nondisjunction During Meiosis