Read the Following Scenario and Answer the Question Below

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Population growth is at the root of many serious environmental problems. From the ancient Babylonians thousands of years ago, to Thomas Malthus hundreds of years ago, to present day neo- Malthusians, humans seem to possess an awareness of Earth's limitations in the face of growing populations. Today, our ability to accurately quantify, monitor, and control population growth is very sophisticated. We can measure growth and make predictions about world growth with mathematical and computer models. Can we prevent disaster?
-Aside from contraception, what can humans do to control population growth's negative effects on the environment?

A) discourage emigration from Africa
B) discourage population movement into sensitive environmental areas
C) encourage smaller households
D) encourage consumption
E) encourage emigration from Africa