Why Have Some Traditional Manufacturers Like Calvin Klein and Nike

Why have some traditional manufacturers like Calvin Klein and Nike become retailers?

A) They can use their stores as a showcase for the public which can enhance the manufacturer's image.
B) These manufacturers/retailers can use these stores to test new merchandise and concepts.
C) They have total control over the way their merchandise is priced, promoted, and merchandised.
D) These stores create a name recognition and synergy between the manufacturer and the retailer that can benefit both parties.
E) All of these.