A situation in which the whole group profits if some individuals contribute to the common good,but individuals can also profit by "free riding" off of others' contributions is a

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The situation described is a public goods dilemma, in which a resource is available to everyone in the group, but not everyone contributes equally to its maintenance or preservation. This leads to the potential for "free riding," where individuals benefit from the resource without having to contribute to its upkeep. A classic example of this is a public park - everyone can use it, but it takes resources to maintain it. If everyone in the community contributes to that maintenance (e.g. through taxes), then the park can be maintained and enjoyed by all. However, if some individuals decide not to contribute, they can still use the park without having to pay for it, which can lead to the park falling into disrepair or closing altogether.

A Situation in Which the Whole Group Profits If Some