The social dilemma which states that 'cooperation by all benefits all, but competition by all harms all' is referred to as:

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The commons dilemma describes a situation where individual users acting independently according to their own self-interest behave contrary to the common good of all users by depleting or spoiling that resource through their collective action. This concept is often illustrated by the example of individuals overusing a common resource (like a public pasture), leading to its degradation or depletion, even though it is in everyone's interest to conserve the resource.

The Social Dilemma Which States That 'Cooperation by All Benefits