Which of the Following Is NOT a Reason Why Stigmas

Which of the following is NOT a reason why stigmas remain persistent within society?

A) Individuals and groups gain a positive sense of self and social identity if they compare themselves with individuals or groups that are stigmatised
B) Stigmatised outgroups allow for downward comparison targets
C) Stigmas cause relatively little harm or negative consequences for individuals so their presence in society is not overly problematic
D) Stigma can legitimise inequalities of status and resource distribution that favour a dominant group