Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y refer to

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Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y are concepts that describe two contrasting views of individuals' motivation and behavior at work. Theory X assumes that employees are inherently lazy and will avoid work if they can, requiring control and coercion to work effectively. Theory Y, on the other hand, suggests that employees are self-motivated and thrive on responsibility, and therefore can be led and directed without strict control. These theories focus on how managers' beliefs about what motivates their employees can influence their management style.

Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y Refer to