In the hypothesis, "children whose parents are married are more likely than those whose parents are divorced to have academic success and successful friendships, " what is the independent variable?

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The independent variable is the factor that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. In this hypothesis, the marital status of the parents (married vs. divorced) is the variable that is being changed to observe its effect on children's academic success and friendships, making it the independent variable.

In the Hypothesis, "Children Whose Parents Are Married Are More