Changes in taxes and spending by the executive and legislative branches of a country's government that can be used to either stimulate or restrain the economy are called:

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Fiscal policy refers to changes in government spending and taxation policies aimed at influencing economic activity, such as increasing government spending to stimulate economic growth or raising taxes to reduce inflation. Monetary policy, on the other hand, involves the use of interest rates and other monetary tools to regulate the money supply and credit in the economy. Foreign policy pertains to a country's relations with other nations, while exchange rate policy involves regulating the exchange rate of a country's currency.

Changes in Taxes and Spending by the Executive and Legislative