There is a correlation between depression and memory: When people suffer from depression frequently,they often display worse memory than people who suffer from depression less frequently.Genetics,however,may have an effect on a study participant's depression and memory.This combination of factors is known as:
A) selection bias
B) the experimenter expectancy effect
C) the directionality problem
D) the third variable problem

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The combination of genetics and depression frequency is an example of the third variable problem, where an unmeasured factor (genetics) may be influencing both the frequency of depression and memory. This creates a correlation between the two variables, but it is not clear which is causing the other or if they are both being caused by a third variable. Selection bias refers to a biased sample being chosen for a study, experimenter expectancy effect refers to the unconscious bias of the experimenter affecting the results, and directionality problem refers to the difficulty in determining the direction of causality between two variables.

There Is a Correlation Between Depression and Memory: When People