It's easier to train a pigeon to peck a disk for a food reward than to flap its wings for a food reward. This illustrates the importance of ________ in learning.

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This phenomenon is an example of biological predispositions in learning, where certain species are predisposed to learn certain behaviors more easily than others due to their biology and evolutionary history. Pigeons are naturally inclined to peck and search for food on the ground, so it is easier for them to learn this behavior in a laboratory setting. In contrast, flapping their wings does not come as naturally to them, so it is harder for them to learn this behavior through conditioning alone.

It's Easier to Train a Pigeon to Peck a Disk