As part of a research study,David Rosenhan (1973)and seven of his associates with no prior record of schizophrenia complained of "hearing voices," were diagnosed with schizophrenia,and hospitalized.In order to "explain" their diagnosis,clinicians searched for early incidents in the life histories of these pseudopatients.In this example,the clinicians demonstrated

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The clinicians demonstrating hindsight bias by interpreting the pseudopatients' behavior as consistent with their diagnosis of schizophrenia, even though their behavior could have been interpreted in other ways. In hindsight, they attributed the pseudopatients' behavior to schizophrenia, even though they had no prior history of mental illness. This bias can lead to overestimating the accuracy of diagnoses and treatment outcomes.

As Part of a Research Study,David Rosenhan (1973)and Seven of His