Which of these was a notorious example of Europeans misleading African rulers?

Question

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The Rudd Concession was a notorious example of Europeans misleading an African ruler, in this case King Lobengula of the Ndebele people in present-day Zimbabwe. Cecil Rhodes and his agents convinced Lobengula to sign over mineral rights to the British South Africa Company, claiming that it would only be for a small area and that Lobengula would retain control over the rest of his territory. However, the concession turned out to cover a much larger area, and the British used it to justify the colonization of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe).

Which of These Was a Notorious Example of Europeans Misleading