By the eleventh century, what did popes begin to see as the biggest threat to the moral leadership of the church?

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By the eleventh century, popes began to see secular control over the church as the biggest threat to the moral leadership of the church. This was due to the struggles between the Papacy and various secular rulers, particularly the Holy Roman Emperor. Popes feared that secular rulers would interfere with the independence and integrity of the church, and thus sought to increase their own power and authority.

By the Eleventh Century, What Did Popes Begin to See