In a healthy eukaryotic cell, the rate of DNA repair is typically equal to the rate of DNA mutation. When the rate of repair lags behind the rate of mutation, what is a possible fate of the cell?
A) The cell can be transformed into a cancerous cell.
B) RNA may be used instead of DNA as inheritance material.
C) DNA replication will proceed more quickly.
D) DNA replication will continue by a new mechanism.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

When the rate of DNA repair lags behind the rate of DNA mutation, the cell is more likely to accumulate mutations that can lead to genetic instability and transformation into a cancerous cell. This is because the mutations can affect key regulatory genes that control cell division and apoptosis. Other consequences of impaired DNA repair may include cell death, senescence, or the activation of alternative pathways for DNA replication and repair. The use of RNA instead of DNA as inheritance material is unlikely to occur as a response to DNA damage, since RNA is less stable and less able to carry the genetic information required for cell survival and propagation. Similarly, DNA replication cannot proceed more quickly or by a new mechanism without compromising the fidelity and integrity of the genetic material.

In a Healthy Eukaryotic Cell, the Rate of DNA Repair