Which approach calls for research skills to monitor publics and other environmental forces?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Open systems approach emphasizes the importance of monitoring and responding to external environmental forces. This requires research skills to gather information about publics, competitors, and other factors that may impact the organization. The closed systems approach, historicist causality, reactive output, and functionary role do not prioritize research skills in the same way.

Which Approach Calls for Research Skills to Monitor Publics and Other